Yes, absolutely. Amazon gives you the ability to publish a book under any name that you desire.
When publishing through Kindle Direct Publishing, you have the choice to add any contributors you want to your book - such as an author name, editor name, publisher name, etc… and it can be anything you want.
Using pen names, or fictitious names is very common in the publishing industry. Famous author Mark Twain is a pen name, just as an example. Many authors in fiction niches, such as erotica or romance, also commonly use pen names when publishing. Your pen name is the name that your book is publicly published under, which can be anything you want. However, inside your KDP account, you’ll have your own personal name or company name, which is private amongst you and KDP for ownership of your account and receiving royalties.